Increasing of the Contain of Carotenoids in Caterpillar Mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes) by Using the Fungal Elicitors Cultivation.

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Citation abstract

As a natural pigment, cordycepic carotenoids have many bioactive functions, such as antiinflammation, anticancer, and antioxidation. In addition, the good coloring of this hydrophilic pigment enables it to have wide application in the food industry. This study investigated five species of fungal elicitors, namely, Rhodotorula glutinis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Monascus ruber, Blakeslea trispora, and Flammulina velutipes, to evaluate their effects on carotenoid accumulation in Cordyceps militaris. Results showed that all fungal elicitors, except Rh. glutinis, have no positive effect on the biosynthesis of cordycepic carotenoids. The Rh. glutinis elicitor remarkably stimulated the accumulation of carotenoids with a 13.72% increase compared with the control. Subsequently, the entire Rh. glutinis elicitor (part NHK) was divided into three parts, namely, exopolysaccharide (EPS) (part E), mixture of EPS and protein (part PE), and other components (part O), to analyze their effects on carotenoid accumulations. Results showed that part O may be the effective component that remarkably stimulates the biosynthesis of carotenoids with a 26% increase compared with the control. This research demonstrated that Rh. glutinis elicitor can effectively increase the content of natural carotenoids in C. militaris, and provided an important reference for the development and utilization of carotenoid industrialization.