Different modified polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis and its protective effects on oxidative damage.

Metadata-grounded summary

Citation abstract

Investigating the structure of polysaccharides enables a better understanding of the structure-activity relationship. Different modification methods help to improve the biological activities of polysaccharides. When different functional groups were introduced into polysaccharides, the activity changes of the derivatives obtained will be different. The ultrasonic assisted-H₂O₂/VC-three-phase partitioning (TPP) extraction coupled with high-pressure membrane filtration system was utilized to prepare low molecular weight (Mw) polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis. These were then subjected to various modifications, resulting in sulfated T. fuciformis polysaccharides (SLTP), carboxymethylated (CLTP), phosphorylated (PLTP), and acetylated (ALTP). FT-IR spectroscopy verified the successful incorporation of desired functional groups. The measured degrees of substitution (DS) for SLTP, PLTP, CLTP, and ALTP were found to be 0.971, 0.803, 0.475, and 0.313, respectively. SEM imaging revealed that ALTP possessed a unique porous morphology. The modified polysaccharides demonstrated the ability to activate immune responses in RAW264.7 cells, with PLTP showing the strongest enhancement of nitric oxide (NO) production. Moreover, the modified polysaccharides improved cellular antioxidant defenses and reduced oxidative injury by an oxidative stress model. These results offer valuable guidance for the advanced utilization of T. fuciformis polysaccharides in food applications.