Integrated metabolomics to systematically monitor quality indicators and metabolic dynamics in stored Ophiocordyceps sinensis.

From the paper

Abstract

Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a highly valued medicinal fungus, requires proper storage to maintain its commercial quality. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of O. sinensis quality deterioration during storage, this study systematically evaluated key quality indicators and metabolic profiles over 1-5 years. Results indicated that prolonged storage significantly impacts both morphological traits and bioactive constituents of O. sinensis. Metabolomic analysis revealed that differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were primarily glycerophospholipids and carboxylic acids, with the T4 stage identified as a critical turning point for rapid quality deterioration. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) further identified 61 hub metabolites (HMs), and their dynamic profiles during storage revealed a physiological transition from oxidative defense to autolysis. KEGG pathway analysis highlighted that phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, together with nitrogen metabolism, are a key metabolic pathway involved in storage-induced changes. These findings provide a scientific foundation for optimizing storage protocols of O. sinensis.