Preparation and application of laccase-immobilized magnetic biochar for effective degradation of endocrine disruptors: Efficiency and mechanistic analysis.

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Citation abstract

This study immobilized laccase from Pleurotus ostreatus residue onto magnetic biochar for endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) degradation. The laccase, with a specific activity of 16.9 U/mg and a 45.8 % activity recovery, was immobilized via glutaraldehyde on magnetically modified biochar. The immobilized enzyme showed enhanced stability across pH 2-5, retained 86.4 % activity at 4 °C over 30 days, and maintained 65.2 % activity over eight cycles. It achieved degradation efficiencies of 90.87 % for BPA, 92.95 % for E2, and 80.87 % for EE2 within 24 h. Degradation mechanisms were analyzed via density functional theory and molecular docking.