Ganoderma lucidum low molecular weight polysaccharide promotes the repair of spinal cord injury through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.

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Citation abstract

Oxidative stress after spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly promotes neuronal apoptosis. The imbalance of flora leads to the destruction of the intestinal barrier, so that pro-inflammatory cytokines enter the blood and further aggravate neuroinflammation. The change of microglia phenotype can regulate neuroinflammation. The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum low molecular weight polysaccharides peptide (GL-LPP) in regulating intestinal flora, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-apoptosis, and their role and mechanism in the treatment of SCI. After GL-LPP was used to treat rats with SCI, the number of M1 microglia in the spinal cord decreased significantly, while the number of M2 microglia increased significantly. Moreover, Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score, electrophysiology, gait analysis, histomorphology, number of neurons and fecal flora of rats were significantly improved, colon inflammation was significantly reduced, and the expressions of tight junction molecules and mucin were significantly increased. GL-LPP significantly promoted the proliferation of PC12 cells damaged by peroxide and significantly reduced their apoptosis. GL-LPP decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin -6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α), and increased the level of interleukin -10 (IL-10). It shows that GL-LPP may resist oxidation by decreasing the level of ROS, and may resist inflammation by decreasing the levels of IL -6 and TNF-α and increasing the level of IL-10. GL-LPP may prevent apoptosis and promote the transformation of microglia from M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype. These may be the mechanisms to promote the recovery of neurological function after SCI.