Structural and biological study of carboxymethylated Phellinus linteus polysaccharides.

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Polysaccharides isolated from Phellinus linteus were chemically modified by carboxymethylation, and the structural and physiological properties of the derivative were investigated. 13C NMR spectroscopy showed that the polysaccharides extracted from P. linteus contained (1-3)-beta-glucans with a (1-6)-linkage. The carboxymetehylation of the P. linteus polysaccharides was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the degree of substitution was obtained by the potentiometric titration, which was calculated to be 0.63. The bronchoalveolar lavage experiments showed that the carboxymethylated derivative raised the nitric oxide production. In addition, the carboxymethylation stimulated in vitro cytotoxic activity against the HT1080 cell line. Thus, the derivative exhibited the enhanced activity of immune systems, which would be explained by the improved water solubility and structural changes by carboxymethylation. However, a slight decrease in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of the derivative was observed.