Laccase Characterization from Ganoderma lucidum Grown in Pineapple and Coffee Waste Substrates under Solid Fermentation.

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Abstract

Background and Objective: Laccase as a ligninolytic enzyme has been known for its green-catalysis mechanism, which has the potential to be applied to food industries. Lignocellulose found in agro-industrial waste is promising for laccase production as a substrate, that could be encountered in pineapple (Ananas comosus) and Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) industrial residue. To boost enzyme activity, laccase characterization was performed using Ganoderma lucidum under solid-state fermentation. This study aims to determine the lignocellulosic waste substrate that can produce the highest laccase activity and evaluate the effect of lignocellulosic substrate types under solid-state fermentation. Materials and Methods: There were 3 variants of lignocellulosic substrates used, consisting of pineapple peel, pineapple leaf and coffee husk. Characterization was carried out during pre-production by determining lignocellulose composition by Van Soest method and qualitative assay of G. lucidum laccase, continued with post-production including dry cell weight, pH measurement during fermentation and laccase activity. Laccase activity was statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The characterization indicated that the type of substrate used had the potential to be used as a substrate in laccase production from G. lucidum under solid-state fermentation. The highest laccase activity was obtained on sample coffee husk S3 on the 8th day of incubation with average values of laccase activity 2622.07±68.49 U/L. Based on ANOVA results, types of lignocellulosic waste substrates used have significant effects on laccase activity. Conclusion: Ganoderma lucidum has the potential to produce laccase enriched with pineapple waste and coffee husk substrates under solid fermentation.