MycoData
Medicinal fungi research database
Latest articles
Live refresh · 9:19 AMBrowse by symptom
Metabolic health
Glucose, lipids, obesity, diabetes, cholesterol, and metabolic syndrome studies.
Species records
Species record
Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus ostreatus
- Studies
- 1,947
- Avg relevance
- 53
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Reishi · Lingzhi
Ganoderma lucidum
- Studies
- 1,830
- Avg relevance
- 60
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Turkey Tail · Yun Zhi
Trametes versicolor
- Studies
- 1,828
- Avg relevance
- 41
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Shiitake · Hua Gu
Lentinula edodes
- Studies
- 1,766
- Avg relevance
- 60
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Cordyceps · Scarlet Club
Cordyceps militaris
- Studies
- 1,635
- Avg relevance
- 67
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Cordyceps · Caterpillar Fungus
Ophiocordyceps sinensis
- Studies
- 1,576
- Avg relevance
- 59
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Almond Mushroom · ABM
Agaricus blazei
- Studies
- 1,441
- Avg relevance
- 54
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Enoki · Winter Mushroom
Flammulina velutipes
- Studies
- 1,403
- Avg relevance
- 47
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
King Oyster · Eryngii
Pleurotus eryngii
- Studies
- 1,278
- Avg relevance
- 60
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Maitake · Hen of the Woods
Grifola frondosa
- Studies
- 1,276
- Avg relevance
- 48
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Snow Fungus · Silver Ear
Tremella fuciformis
- Studies
- 1,052
- Avg relevance
- 29
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Lion's Mane · Yamabushitake
Hericium erinaceus
- Studies
- 862
- Avg relevance
- 67
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Chaga
Inonotus obliquus
- Studies
- 738
- Avg relevance
- 65
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Mesima · Sanghwang
Phellinus linteus
- Studies
- 722
- Avg relevance
- 58
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Niu-Chang-Chih
Antrodia camphorata
- Studies
- 496
- Avg relevance
- 63
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Nameko · Nametake
Pholiota microspora
- Studies
- 421
- Avg relevance
- 29
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Yellow Morel
Morchella esculenta
- Studies
- 392
- Avg relevance
- 42
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Zhu Ling · Umbrella Polypore
Polyporus umbellatus
- Studies
- 263
- Avg relevance
- 55
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Wood Ear · Kikurage
Auricularia auricula-judae
- Studies
- 254
- Avg relevance
- 51
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Agarikon · Quinine Conk
Fomitopsis officinalis
- Studies
- 47
- Avg relevance
- 55
- Latest
- 2026
Articles
3,638 results
Showing 151–200 of 3,638
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of basic microbiology
Enhanced polysaccharide production through quorum sensing system in Cordyceps militaris.
This study aimed to enhance extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production in Cordyceps militaris by constructing a quorum sensing (QS) system to regulate the expression of biosynthetic enzyme genes, including phosphoglucomutase, hexokinase, phosphomannomutase, polysaccharide synthase, and UDP-glucose 4-epimerase….
Shiitake · 2024 · Research Article · Mycobiology
Enhancing Eritadenine Production in Submerged Cultures of Shiitake (Lentinula edodes Berk. Pegler) Using Blue LED Light and Activated Charcoal. Revealing Eritadenine's Novel In Vitro Bioherbicidal Activity Against Chrysanthemum morifolium.
Eritadenine from shiitake mushroom is a secondary metabolite with hypocholesterolemic, hypotensive and antiparasitic properties, thus promising for pharmaceutical and agricultural applications..
Enoki · 2024 · Research Article · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
Enhancing the Hypolipidemic and Functional Properties of Flammulina velutipes Root Dietary Fiber via Steam Explosion.
Flammulina velutipes is an edible mushroom widely cultivated in China. As a by-product of Flammulina velutipes, the roots are rich in high-quality dietary fiber (DF)..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
Evaluation of Cordyceps militaris steroids as anti-inflammatory agents to combat the Covid-19 cytokine storm: a bioinformatics and structure-based drug designing approach.
Since the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, researchers have been working on figuring out ways to tackle multi-organ failure and hyperinflation, which are brought on by a cytokine storm..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Evidence for Regulation of Cordycepin Biosynthesis by Transcription Factors Krüppel-Like Factor 4 and Retinoid X Receptor Alpha in Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes).
Cordyceps militaris, Chinese traditional medicinal fungus, has many bioactive properties. Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is a major bioactive component of C.
Oyster Mushroom · 2024 · Research Article · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus Mushrooms against Hyperlipidemia and Oxidative Stress Using Animal Model.
The mushrooms oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) and white button (Agaricus bisporus) contain bioactive compounds that have potential beneficial effects on hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular diseases..
Reishi · 2024 · Preprint · journal metadata
Ganoderma lucidum alleviates kidney aging by modulating gut microbiota
Background Ganoderma lucidum, a renowned traditional Chinese medicine known for its multiple health benefits, including anti-aging effect, has the ability to influence gut microbiota. However, its specific role in alleviating aging via gut microbiota has not been thoroughly investigated..
Reishi · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of ethnopharmacology
Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extracts ameliorate hepatic fibrosis and promote the communication between metabolites and gut microbiota g_Ruminococcus through the NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smads pathways.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional edible medicinal mushroom, has been widely reported to improve liver diseases as a dietary intervention for people..
Reishi · 2024 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide promotes broiler health by regulating lipid metabolism, antioxidants, and intestinal microflora.
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) are the primary bioactive macromolecular compounds of Ganoderma lucidum, possessing antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. Hot water extract of Juncao-substrate Ganoderma Lucidum residue (HWE-JGLR) is abundant in GLP..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Research Article · Genes
Genomic and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Biosynthesis Network of Cordycepin in Cordyceps militaris.
Cordycepin is the primary active compound of Cordyceps militaris. However, the definitive genetic mechanism governing cordycepin synthesis in fruiting body growth and development remains elusive, necessitating further investigation.
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of ethnopharmacology
Genotoxicity, acute and sub-acute toxicity profiles of methanolic Cordyceps militaris (L.) Fr. extract in Swiss Albino Mice.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cordyceps militaris, a traditional medicinal fungus, parasitizes the intestines of lepidopteron pupae or larvae, predominantly during the winter, and undergoes fruiting in the summer or autumn. Compounds extracted from C..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Gene
Holistic transcriptional responses of Cordyceps militaris to different culture temperatures.
Cordyceps militaris is a medicinal entomopathogenic fungus containing valuable biometabolites for pharmaceutical applications. Its genetic inheritance and environmental factors play a crucial role in the production of biomass enriched with cordycepin..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Research Article · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Immunomodulatory Effect of Cordyceps militaris Polysaccharide on RAW 264.7 Macrophages by Regulating MAPK Signaling Pathways.
Polysaccharide is one of the principal bioactive components found in medicinal mushrooms and has been proven to enhance host immunity. However, the possible mechanism of immunomodulatory activity of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide is not fully understood..
Shiitake · 2024 · Research Article · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
Impact of Incorporating Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) on Microbial Community and Flavor Volatiles in Traditional Jiuqu.
Jiuqu is one of the important raw materials for brewing Chinese rice wine (Huangjiu), often known as the "bone of wine". In this study, the microbial community and flavor substances of Jiuqu made with different amounts of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) were investigated through high-throughput sequencing….
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie. Food science + technology. Science + technologie alimentaire
Improvement of extracellular polysaccharides production from Cordyceps militaris immobilized alginate beads in repeated-batch fermentation
Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a unique medicinal fungus of the genus Cordyceps.
Yellow Morel · 2024 · Research Article · Food chemistry: X
In vitro digestion and fecal fermentation behaviors of exopolysaccharide from Morchella esculenta and its impacts on hypoglycemic activity via PI3K/Akt signaling and gut microbiota modulation.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gastrointestinal digestion on the physicochemical properties and hypoglycemic activity of extracellular polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta (MEPS)..
King Oyster · 2024 · Journal Article · Food & function
In vitro gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation of Pleurotus eryngii proteins extracted using different methods: insights for the utilization of edible mushroom-based proteins as novel nutritional and functional components.
Pleurotus eryngii (P. eryngii) protein is considered a high-quality protein because it is rich in essential amino acids and displays multiple significant functional characterizations that vary with its fabrication processes.
Cordyceps · 2024 · Preprint · journal metadata
In vitro simulation of oral gastric intestinal digestion and fecal fermentation of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides reveal its digestion profile and effect on the modulation of the gut microbiota
Abstract Background: Polysaccharides isolated from Cordyceps militaris mycelia (IPS) are natural polymer compounds composed of monosaccharides, structurally diverse and exhibit various metabolic and biological activities..
Turkey Tail · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of AOAC International
Influence of Organic and Inorganic Compounds of Various Metals on the Synthesis of Polysaccharides by the Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor.
BACKGROUND: To date, basidiomycetes are considered to be promising objects of biotechnology, due to a number of biologically active compounds, such as polysaccharides and triterpenes. These compounds have a high therapeutic potential and demonstrate immunomodulatory, antiviral, and antifungal activities..
Chaga · 2024 · Journal Article · Chinese journal of natural medicines
Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) against HFD/STZ-induced glucolipid metabolism disorders and abnormal renal functions by regulating NOS-cGMP-PDE5 signaling pathway.
Our prior investigations have established that Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) possesses hypoglycemic effects. Persistent hyperglycemia is known to precipitate renal function abnormalities..
Chaga · 2024 · Journal Article · Toxicology mechanisms and methods
Inonotus obliquus aqueous extract inhibits intestinal inflammation and insulin metabolism defects in Drosophila.
In biomedical research, the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is among the most effective and flexible model organisms. Through the use of the Drosophila model, molecular mechanisms of human diseases can be investigated and candidate pharmaceuticals can be screened..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Integrated Comparative Transcriptome and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Provide Valuable Insights into the Mechanisms of Pinhead Initiation in Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycota).
The initiation and formation of the "pinhead" is the key node in growth process of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Chinese Cordyceps). The research on the mechanism of changes in this growth stage is the basis for realizing the industrialization of its artificial cultivation..
Oyster Mushroom · 2024 · Journal Article · Chemistry & biodiversity
Investigating the Anticancer Effects of Pleurotus ostreatus Polysaccharide on G0/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells.
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite the advancement of cancer treatment by various means including surgery, chemotherapy etc, cancer is still a challenging disease to manage..
Almond Mushroom · 2024 · Research Article · Scientific reports
Kiwifruit-Agaricus blazei intercropping effectively improved yield productivity, nutrient uptake, and rhizospheric bacterial community.
Intercropping systems have garnered attention as a sustainable agricultural approach for efficient land use, increased ecological diversity in farmland, and enhanced crop yields..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Research Article · Biology
Light-Exposed Metabolic Responses of Cordyceps militaris through Transcriptome-Integrated Genome-Scale Modeling.
The genome-scale metabolic model (GSMM) of Cordyceps militaris provides a comprehensive basis of carbon assimilation for cell growth and metabolite production. However, the model with a simple mass balance concept shows limited capability to probe the metabolic responses of C.
Oyster Mushroom · 2024 · Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary · Tropical animal health and production
Low dietary oyster mushroom spent substrate limitedly ameliorates detrimental effects of feeding combined marula seed cake and mucuna seed meal as soya bean replacements in broiler chickens.
This study investigated ameliorative effects of dietary oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) spent substrate (OMSS) in broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with combined marula seed cake (MSC) and mucuna seed meal (MSM) replacing soya bean meal (SBM)..
Turkey Tail · 2024 · Journal Article · South African journal of botany
Medicinal potential of Turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor): A comprehensive review
Medicinal mushroom are known for their therapeutic capabilities and one such notable example is the Turkey tail mushroom (Trametes versicolor). This fascinating medicinal fungus, belonging to the genusTrametes that has been in used for centuries in traditional medicine systems, particularly in Asia..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Phytochemical analysis: PCA
Metabolite profiling and antioxidant capacity of natural Ophiocordyceps gracilis and its cultures using LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics: Comparison with Ophiocordyceps sinensis.
INTRODUCTION: Ophiocordyceps gracilis is an entomopathogenic fungus and a precious traditional Chinese medicine with similar medicinal properties to Ophiocordyceps sinensis. However, information on the metabolite profiles of natural O.
Reishi · 2024 · Research Article · Food chemistry: X
Metabolite profiling, antioxidant and anti-glycemic activities of Tartary buckwheat processed by solid-state fermentation(SSF)with Ganoderma lucidum.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum fermentation on antioxidant and anti-glycemic activities of Tartary buckwheat. Xylanase, total cellulase (CMCase and FPase) and β-glucosidase in fermented Tartary buckwheat (FB) increased significantly to 242.06 U/g, 17.99 U/g and 8.67 U/g,….
King Oyster · 2024 · Journal Article · Food chemistry
Metabolomics study of dietary Pleurotus eryngii β-type glycosidic polysaccharide on colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in mice - Exploration for the potential metabolic indicators in urine and serum.
Pleurotus eryngii, an edible mushroom recognized for its potent polysaccharides, demonstrates significant regulatory effects on metabolic processes. β-glucan (WPEP) derived from P..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Systematic Review · Frontiers in pharmacology
Ophiocordyceps sinensis preparations combined with the renin-angiotensin system inhibitor for diabetic kidney disease treatment: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and network meta-analysis.
AIMS: This study aimed to synthesize the evidence of the comparative effectiveness and safety of Ophiocordyceps sinensis (OS) preparations combined with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). METHODS: Eight databases were searched from their inception to May 2023..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Research Article · Brazilian journal of microbiology: [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
Optimization of cultural and nutritional conditions to enhance mycelial biomass of Cordyceps militaris using statistical approach.
Cordyceps militaris is a fungus with numerous therapeutic properties that has gained worldwide popularity due to its potential health benefits. The fruiting body of this mushroom is highly expensive and takes a longer time to produce, making mycelial a sustainable and cost-effective alternative..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of basic microbiology
Optimization of Fermentation Conditions of Cordyceps militaris and In Silico Analysis of Antifungal Property of Cordycepin Against Plant Pathogens.
Cordyceps militaris, a medicinal fungus, has gained considerable attention owing to its potential health benefits, notably the production of bioactive compounds such as cordycepin. Cordycepin possesses significant antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral properties..
King Oyster · 2024 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules
Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides alleviate aflatoxin B1-induced liver inflammation in ducks involving in remodeling gut microbiota and regulating SCFAs transport via the gut-liver axis.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most widespread contaminants in agricultural commodities. Pleurotus eryngii (PE) is widely used as a feed additive for its anti-inflammatory properties, and its major active substance is believed to be polysaccharides..
King Oyster · 2024 · Journal Article · Fish & shellfish immunology
Pleurotus eryngii root waste and soybean meal co-fermented protein improved the growth, immunity, liver and intestinal health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides).
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) root waste and soybean meal co-fermented protein (CFP) on growth performance, feed utilization, immune status, hepatic and intestinal health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Food Research International
Polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris prevent obesity in association with modulating gut microbiota and metabolites in high-fat diet-fed mice
Improved gut microbes and nutritious metabolites have been considered as the mediators of health benefits from indigestible polysaccharides, but their role in the anti-obesity effect of polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris (CMP) remains elusive..
Almond Mushroom · 2024 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules
Preventive intervention with Agaricus blazei murill polysaccharide exerts anti-tumor immune effect on intraperitoneal metastasis colorectal cancer.
Agaricus blazei murill (ABM) mainly exerts its antitumor effect via modulation of the immune system. However, the immunomodulatory role of the ABM polysaccharide (ABMP) in mice with subcutaneously and intraperitoneally implanted MC38 tumor remains to be explored..
Reishi · 2024 · Research Article · Heliyon
Production of Ganodiesel from the biomass of Ganoderma lucidum in air-L-shaped bioreactor (ALSB).
The increasing need for alternative and sustainable energy sources, prompted by the depletion of fossil fuels and the rise in greenhouse gas emissions, has generated attention towards exploring fast-growing filamentous fungi as a potential bioenergy source..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Research Article · Frontiers in pharmacology
Protective effects of Cordyceps militaris against hepatocyte apoptosis and liver fibrosis induced by high palmitic acid diet.
BACKGROUND: Fatty Liver Disease (FLD) progresses from steatosis to steatohepatitis and, if left untreated, can lead to irreversible conditions such as cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. The etiology of FLD remains unclear, but factors such as overconsumption, poor diet, obesity, and diabetes contribute to its development..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Current microbiology
Proteomic Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Proteins in Cordyceps militaris Cultured with Different Media.
Cordyceps militaris is rich in high quality protein, which is an excellent protein supplement. In this study, proteins were extracted from C.
Reishi · 2024 · Review · Heliyon
Research progress of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in prevention and treatment of Atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease resulting from dysregulated lipid metabolism, constituting the pathophysiological foundation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. AS has a high incidence rate and mortality rate worldwide..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Research Article · Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
Sea Cucumber Viscera Processed by Protease Hydrolysis Combined with Cordyceps militaris Fermentation Protect Caco-2 Cells against Oxidative Damage via Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity, Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway and Improving Cell Metabolism.
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) may lead to oxidative damage and metabolic disorder. The pathogenesis of human bowel inflammation is closely related to oxidative damage of intestinal epithelial cells caused by ROS..
Shiitake · 2024 · Journal Article · Carbohydrate polymers
Simulated human digestion and fermentation of a high-molecular weight polysaccharide from Lentinula edodes mushroom and protective effects on intestinal barrier
Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) is an important edible mushroom and polysaccharides are its major constituents with proven health benefits. The study was to investigate the gut bacterial fermentation and subsequent effects on gut barrier function of a glucan-rich polysaccharide, LePS40 precipitated from the mushroom water….
King Oyster · 2024 · Research Article · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
Steam Explosion-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii and Its Influence on Structural Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity.
Pleurotus eryngii (PE) has been sought after for its various health benefits and high content of phenolic compounds. This study explored the feasibility of steam explosion (SE)-assisted extraction of polysaccharides with high antioxidant capacities from PE..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules
Structural characteristics and anti-tumor activity of alcohol-precipitated polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris under different ethanol concentrations.
Six Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides (named CMP-1, CMP-2, CMP-3, CMP-4, CMP-9, and CMP-A) were obtained by fractional alcohol precipitation. The experimental results showed that the six Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides had similar chemical composition and spectral features, and different molecular weights,….
Maitake · 2024 · Journal Article · Carbohydrate research
Structural characterization and immunomodulatory effect of a starch-like Grifola frondosa polysaccharides on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice.
In this study, a pure Grifola frondosa polysaccharide (GFP-1) was extracted and purified from Grifola frondosa. By HPLC, GC-MS, FT-IR, and NMR analysis, GFP-1 was determined to be a starch-like polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3370 kDa..
Cordyceps · 2024 · Research Article · Polymers
Structural Elucidation and Anti-Tumor Activity of a Polysaccharide (CP2-S) from Cordyceps militaris Fruit Bodies.
A polysaccharide (CP2-S), consisting of glucose with a weight average molecular weight of 5.9 × 106, was purified from the fruit bodies of Cordyceps militaris. In this work, the corresponding structure and anti-tumor activity in vivo were investigated..
Wood Ear · 2024 · Research Article · Journal of microbiology and biotechnology
The Biphasic Activity of Auricularia Auricula-Judae Extract on Bone Homeostasis through Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis and Modulation of Osteogenic Activity.
Osteoporosis arises from the disturbance of bone homeostasis, a process regulated by osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The treatment and prevention of bone metabolic disorders resulting from an imbalance in bone homeostasis require the use of agents that effectively promote both bone formation and anti-resorptive effects..
Chaga · 2024 · Review · Mycology
Therapeutic properties of Inonotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom): A review.
Inonotus obliquus, also known as Chaga, is a medicinal mushroom that has been used for therapeutic purposes since the sixteenth century. Collections of folk medicine record the application of Chaga for the treatment of diseases such as gastrointestinal cancer, diabetes, bacterial infection, and liver diseases..
Shiitake · 2024 · Journal Article · Trends in food science & technology
Therapeutic values and nutraceutical properties of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes): A review
Mushrooms are generally regarded as useful products with multiple applications in the food and health industry. Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) is one of the most cultured and consumed mushrooms around the world..