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Immune supportGut & microbiomeRespiratory

Lion's Mane · 2018 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings.

To elucidate the effect of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on the intestinal mucosal immunity in normal and Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV)-infected Muscovy ducklings, 1-day-old healthy Muscovy ducklings were pretreated with 0.2g/L HEP and/or following by MDRV infection in this study, duodenal samples were….

Cordyceps · 2018 · Research Article · International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Nucleosides isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis inhibit cigarette smoke extract-induced inflammation via the SIRT1-nuclear factor-κB/p65 pathway in RAW264.7 macrophages and in COPD mice.

BACKGROUND: Ophiocordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) extracts have been found to have a therapeutic effect on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)..

Yellow Morel · 2018 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Polysaccharide FMP-1 from Morchella esculenta attenuates cellular oxidative damage in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells through PI3K/AKT/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Oxidative stress is considered to involve cell death in severe pulmonary diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Polysaccharide FMP-1 from Morchella esculenta can exert significant antioxidant activity.

Cordyceps · 2018 · Research Article · Canadian respiratory journal

The Function of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in Airway Epithelial Cell Senescence in a Rat COPD Model.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (O. sinensis) seems to be able to alleviate airway epithelial cell senescence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Shiitake · 2018 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

The regulation of inflammation and oxidative status against lung injury of residue polysaccharides by Lentinula edodes.

In present study, two hydrolyzed residue polysaccharides (RPS) of enzymatic-RPS (ERPS) and acidic-RPS (ARPS) were successfully obtained from the residue of Lentinula edodes, and the anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidative effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced (LPS-induced) lung injured mice were investigated..

Shiitake · 2017 · Journal Article · Plant disease

Biological and Molecular Characteristics of a Novel Partitivirus Infecting the Edible Fungus Lentinula edodes.

A new partitivirus named Lentinula edodes partitivirus 1 (LePV1) was isolated from a diseased L. edodes strain with severe degeneration of the mycelium and imperfect browning in bag cultures..

Cognition & nervesEnergy & fatigueRespiratory

Lion's Mane · 2017 · Research Article · Frontiers in pharmacology

Docking Studies and Biological Evaluation of a Potential β-Secretase Inhibitor of 3-Hydroxyhericenone F from Hericium erinaceus.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting approximately more than 5% of the population worldwide over the age 65, annually. The incidence of AD is expected to be higher in the next 10 years..

Enoki · 2017 · Journal Article · Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi

Oral fungal immunomodulatory protein-Flammulina velutipes has influence on pulmonary inflammatory process and potential treatment for allergic airway disease: A mouse model.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: House dust mite (HDM) is well known as one of the major indoor allergens that trigger allergic inflammation, especially asthma, and accounts for 85% of all cases. So far, asthma has been thought of as a condition of imbalance between T helper (Th)1 and Th2..

Mesima · 2017 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and IL-23 Induced by Polysaccharide of the Black Hoof Medicinal Mushroom, Phellinus linteus (Agaricomycetes).

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has diverse roles associated with cell growth, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is known to inhibit MMP-9 by complexing with it at a 1:1 ratio..

Chaga · 2017 · Journal Article · Natural product communications

Triterpenes with Anti-invasive Activity from Sclerotia of Inonotus obliquus.

The methanolic extract [inhibition (%): 61.2±3.8 (p<0.01) at 100 μg/mL] and its EtOAc-soluble fraction [inhibition (%): 82.5±1.7 (p<0.01) at 100 μg/mL1 from the sclerotia of Inonotus obliquus collected in Japan significantly inhibited invasion of human fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells through matrigel-coated filters..

OncologyRespiratory

Niu-Chang-Chih · 2016 · Journal Article · Antiviral therapy

Anti-herpes simplex virus activities of bioactive extracts from Antrodia camphorata mycelia.

BACKGROUND: Antrodia camphorata, a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used in the treatment of liver diseases and cancers. Anti-inflammatory properties have also been described.

OncologyImmune supportSkin & hydrationRespiratory

Chaga · 2013 · Review · Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP

Progress on understanding the anticancer mechanisms of medicinal mushroom: inonotus obliquus.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Recently, the demand for more effective and safer therapeutic agents for the chemoprevention of human cancer has increased.

Maitake · 2005 · Journal Article · Oncology reports

Enhancement of cytotoxicity of NK cells by D-Fraction, a polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa.

In innate immunity, activated natural killer (NK) cells attack and damage pathogens such as bacteria and virus without restriction by the MHC antigen. NK cells activated by IL-12 have been reported to recognize and kill tumor cells in perforin-mediated apoptosis..

Enoki · 2004 · Research Article · Shi yong jun xue bao (Online)

Effect of AEC on the mycelial growth and oidium germination fo Flammulina velutipes

Two rheological properties, stress adpatation (S) and hysteresis loop area (H), were studied in normal fresh rabbit lungs and in lungs stiffened by 3 hr repeated inflation at zero end-expiratory pressure. S was measured on the deflation limb at various volume levels ranging from 100 to 25% total lung capacity (TLC)..

Maitake · 2003 · Journal Article · Journal of medicinal food

Effect of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) D-Fraction on the activation of NK cells in cancer patients.

Maitake D-Fraction, extracted from maitake mushroom, has been reported to exert its antitumor effect in tumor-bearing mice by enhancing the immune system through activation of macrophages, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells..

Lion's Mane · 2001 · Journal Article · The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences

Antimutagenicity of extracts of Hericium erinaceus.

Hericium erinaceus is valuable in the diet and in medical treatment. It contains water-soluble polysaccharides that have been found to enhance immunity and which show anti-artificial pulmonary metastatic tumor effects..

Enoki · 2001 · Journal Article · Life sciences

Isolation and characterization of velutin, a novel low-molecular-weight ribosome-inactivating protein from winter mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) fruiting bodies.

From the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Flammulina velutipes a single-chained ribosome inactivating protein with a molecular weight of 13.8 kDa was isolated with a procedure involving ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and SP-Sepharose and affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel..

OncologyEnergy & fatigueSkin & hydrationRespiratory

Almond Mushroom · 2025 · Journal Article · Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine

Artificial base mismatches-mediated PCR (ABM-PCR) for detecting clinically relevant single-base mutations.

OBJECTIVES: Detecting point mutations with high sensitivity and specificity can be technically very challenging, but it is crucial for early diagnosis and effective drug treatment of cancers..

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueRespiratory

Cordyceps · 2025 · Research Article · Immunity, inflammation and disease

Cordyceps sinensis (CS) Alleviates Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Symptoms (COPD) by Targeting Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress Through Ingredient-Gene-Disease Interaction.

OBJECTIVE: Cordyceps sinensis (CS) is a fungus that parasitizes the larvae and corpses of Batmadaceae insects. CS is used as a traditional Chinese medicine and has shown promising clinical efficacy in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)..

Cognition & nervesRespiratory

Cordyceps · 2025 · Research Article · Frontiers in neurology

Effectiveness of fermentation broth of Cordyceps sinensis for primary insomnia: a randomized clinical trial with digital health tool.

BACKGROUND: Cordyceps sinensis is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine and dietary supplements to tonify the kidney, lung, and heart, as well as to calm the mind. The fermentation broth of Cordyceps sinensis (FBCS), containing cordycepin, has shown potential in various healthcare applications..

Cordyceps · 2025 · Journal Article · Journal of ethnopharmacology

Fermented Cordyceps Powder alleviates silica-induced inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization via the HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB pathway.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cordyceps sinensis is a valuable Chinese medicine that has the effects of tonifying the lungs and kidneys, regulating the immune system, etc..

Cordyceps · 2025 · Research Article · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

The Cordyceps Genus as a Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds for Adjuvant Cancer Therapy: A Network Pharmacology Approach.

Background/Objectives: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality globally, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies capable of targeting multiple molecular pathways simultaneously..

OncologyRespiratory

Metabolic healthLiver supportRespiratory

Cordyceps · 2025 · Research Article · Frontiers in pharmacology

Wild Cordyceps sinensis exhibits far lower arsenic accumulation and hepatorenal toxicity in mice compared to equivalent dose of inorganic arsenic.

INTRODUCTION: Wild Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) is a Chinese medicinal material known for its renal and pulmonary benefits.

Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Archives of virology

Identification of a novel member of the genus Laulavirus (family Phenuiviridae) from the entomopathogenic ascomycete fungus Cordyceps javanica.

The virus family Phenuiviridae (order Hareavirales, comprising segmented negative-sense single stranded RNA viruses) has highly diverse members that are known to infect animals, plants, protozoans, and fungi..

Immune supportEnergy & fatigueRespiratory

Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics

In silico screening of potential inhibitors from Cordyceps species against SARS-CoV-2 main protease.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a result of a retroviral infection of SARS-CoV-2. Due to its virulence and high infection rate, it is a matter of serious concern and a global health emergency..

Metabolic healthRespiratory

Chaga · 2024 · Journal Article · Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics

In silico targeting of SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain from different variants with chaga mushroom terpenoids.

Terpenoids from the chaga mushroom have been identified as potential antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2. This is because it can firmly bind to the viral spike receptor binding domain (RBD) and the auxiliary host cell receptor glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78)..

Skin & hydrationRespiratory

Shiitake · 2024 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Incorporation of carbon dots into polyvinyl alcohol/corn starch based film and its application on shiitake mushroom preservation.

Developing eco-friendly edible packaging films with multi-functional properties is highly required. This study involved synthesizing carbon dots (CDs) from dragon fruit, then incorporating them into a composite film based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/corn starch (CS) to create a functional package to extend the shelf….

Cordyceps · 2024 · Journal Article · Fitoterapia

New flavonoid and their anti-A549 cell activity from the bi-directional solid fermentation products of Astragalus membranaceus and Cordyceps kyushuensis.

Astragalus membranaceus and Cordyceps kyushuensis were used to obtain Astragalus membranaceus-Cordyceps kyushuensis bi-directional solid fermentation products using the bi-directional solid fermentation technique..

OncologyRespiratory

OncologyEnergy & fatigueRespiratory

Reishi · 2020 · Research Article · RSC advances

LingZhi oligopeptides amino acid sequence analysis and anticancer potency evaluation.

LingZhi (Ganoderma lucidum) has been used as a therapeutic agent for decades, but the antitumor potency of LingZhi oligopeptides (LZOs) was not well explored. In current study, ten novel LZO amino acid sequences were identified, and anticancer potency was evaluated..

OncologyMetabolic healthRespiratory

Shiitake · 2019 · Research Article · Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology

To detect the minimum inhibitory concentration and time-kill curve of shiitake mushroom on periodontal pathogens: An in vitro study.

INTRODUCTION: Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) is an Asian edible mushroom with the second-largest cultivation percentages among edible mushrooms in the world. Previous studies have shown its nutritional richness such as high quantities of proteins, minerals, and vitamins..

Shiitake · 2024 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Viruses

Identification of a Novel Antiviral Lectin against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant from Shiitake-Mushroom-Derived Vesicle-like Nanoparticles.

Lectins are a class of carbohydrate-binding proteins that may have antiviral activity by binding to the glycans on the virion surface to interfere with viral entry..

Energy & fatigueRespiratory

Oyster Mushroom · 2023 · Research Article · International journal of molecular sciences

Oyster Mushroom Spherical Virus Crosses the Species Barrier and Is Pathogenic to a New Host Pleurotus pulmonarius.

Oyster mushroom spherical virus (OMSV) is a mycovirus with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome that infects the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. OMSV is horizontally transferred from an infected strain to a cured strain via mycelia..

OncologyLiver supportRespiratory

Cordyceps · 2015 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)

Anti-tumor effect of Cordyceps militaris in HCV-infected human hepatocarcinoma 7.5 cells.

Cordyceps extract has been reported to have various pharmacological activities including an anti-cancer effect. We investigated the inhibitory effect of Cordyceps militaris on hepatitis C virus-infected human hepatocarcinoma 7.5 cells (J6/JFH1-huh 7.5 cells)..

Shiitake · 2015 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Gene

Expression and functional analysis of novel molecule - Latcripin-13 domain from Lentinula edodes C91-3 produced in prokaryotic expression system.

The shiitake mushroom Lentinula edodes has health benefits and is used to treat various diseases due to its immunomodulatory and antineoplastic properties. In the present study, the Latcripin-13 domain, isolated from L.

Gut & microbiomeRespiratory

Enoki · 2015 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Applied microbiology and biotechnology

Expression of enterovirus 71 virus-like particles in transgenic enoki (Flammulina velutipes).

No commercial vaccines are currently available for enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. Oral virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines are regarded as a better choice for prevention from food-borne diseases compared with injected whole virus vaccines..

Cordyceps · 2015 · Brief Report · Genome announcements

Genome Sequence of a Novel Iflavirus from mRNA Sequencing of the Pupa of Bombyx mori Inoculated with Cordyceps militaris.

We discovered a novel iflavirus from the transcriptome of the Bombyx mori pupa inoculated with the insect-pathogenic fungus Cordyceps militaris. The assembled iflavirus genome has 10,119 nucleotides, with a 3'-polyadenylated tail, and it encodes a polyprotein composed of 3,004 amino acids..

Immune supportCognition & nervesRespiratory

Cordyceps · 2015 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Molecular medicine reports

Purification of polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris and their anti‑hypoxic effect.

Acute mountain sickness, one of the most common altitude diseases, causes lung and brain injury. The present study aimed to investigate the anti‑hypoxic effect of purified polysaccharides extracted from Cordyceps militaris..

King Oyster · 2014 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Journal of the science of food and agriculture

Antiproliferative and immunostimulatory activity of a protein from Pleurotus eryngii.

BACKGROUND: Currently, the use of mushrooms as functional foods, nutraceuticals or phytopharmaceuticals source has risen. In contrast, the possible cellular cytotoxicity and immunostimulatory activity of Pleurotus eryngii (DC.

Chaga · 2013 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Aqueous extract from a Chaga medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (higher Basidiomycetes), prevents herpes simplex virus entry through inhibition of viral-induced membrane fusion.

Chaga medicinal mushroom, Inonotus obliquus, a popular prescription in traditional medicine in Europe and Asia, was used to reduce inflammation in the nasopharynx and to facilitate breathing. The aqueous extract from I..

Cognition & nervesMetabolic healthRespiratory

King Oyster · 2013 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Journal of lipid research

Binding of a pleurotolysin ortholog from Pleurotus eryngii to sphingomyelin and cholesterol-rich membrane domains.

A mixture of sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol (Chol) exhibits a characteristic lipid raft domain of the cell membranes that provides a platform to which various signal molecules as well as virus and bacterial proteins are recruited..

Enoki · 2013 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · PloS one

Enhancement of heterologous gene expression in Flammulina velutipes using polycistronic vectors containing a viral 2A cleavage sequence.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation for edible mushrooms has been previously established. However, the enhancement of heterologous protein production and the expression of multi-target genes remains a challenge..

OncologyCognition & nervesRespiratory

Lion's Mane · 2013 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Neurotrophic properties of the Lion's mane medicinal mushroom, Hericium erinaceus (Higher Basidiomycetes) from Malaysia.

Neurotrophic factors are important in promoting the growth and differentiation of neurons. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is essential for the maintenance of the basal forebrain cholinergic system.

Mesima · 2012 · Patent · journal metadata

COMPOSITION FOR IMMUNOSTIMULATION WHICH COMPRISES POLYSACCHARIDE FROM FERMENTED GINSENG WITH PHELLINUS LINTEUS TO ENHANCE THE IMMUNE FUNCTION

PURPOSE: An immunity activating composition containing polysaccharide separated from a phellinus linteus mycelial fermentation product of ginseng is provided to activate immune cells forming the internal immune system of a user for preventing the infection from viruses or bacteria..

King Oyster · 2012 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · International journal of nanomedicine

Delivery of a transforming growth factor β-1 plasmid to mesenchymal stem cells via cationized Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide nanoparticles.

The objective of this study was to investigate the use of cationized Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide (CPEPS) as a nonviral gene delivery vehicle to transfer plasmid DNA encoding transforming growth factor beta-1 (pTGF-β1) into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. Crude P..

Shiitake · 2012 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Virology journal

Polysaccharide and extracts from Lentinula edodes: structural features and antiviral activity.

BACKGROUND: Lentinula edodes, known as shiitake, has been utilized as food, as well as, in popular medicine, moreover, compounds isolated from its mycelium and fruiting body have shown several therapeutic properties..

Turkey Tail · 2011 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

28-day oral safety evaluation of extracellular polysaccharopeptides produced in submerged culture from the turkey tail medicinal mushroom Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Pilát LH-1 in mice.

Turkey tail medicinal mushroom, Trametes versicolor (TV), is a species with a variety of pharmacological activities. Its intracellular polysaccharopeptides are widely commercialized..

Almond Mushroom · 2011 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · In vivo (Athens, Greece)

Possible reduction of hepatoma formation by Smmu 7721 cells in SCID mice and metastasis formation by B16F10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice by Agaricus blazei murill extract.

Agaricus blazei Murill extract (ABM) has been reported to possess antitumor effects. In this study, the role of ABM in tumor growth and metastasis in vivo was evaluated in experimental Smmu 7721 hepatoma cells in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice and B16F10 melanoma cells lung metastasis in C57BL/6 mice..

OncologyEnergy & fatigueMetabolic healthRespiratory

Chaga · 2011 · Research Support, Non U.S. Gov'T · Phytochemical analysis: PCA

Rapid isolation and purification of inotodiol and trametenolic acid from Inonotus obliquus by high-speed counter-current chromatography with evaporative light scatting detection.

INTRODUCTION: In Eastern Europe, especially Russia, the fruiting body of Inonotus obliquus has been used as a folk medicine for cancer since the sixteenth or seventeenth century. Inotodiol and trametenolic acid are considered to be the main bioactive compounds of the fruiting body of the mushroom..