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Immune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic healthGut & microbiome

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · Natural product research

1H NMR-based metabonomics of the hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice.

The crude polysaccharide was extracted from Cordyceps militaris. Material ratio of powder and water was 1:10.

OncologyImmune supportLiver support

Maitake · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

A β-glucan from Grifola frondosa effectively delivers therapeutic oligonucleotide into cells via dectin-1 receptor and attenuates TNFα gene expression.

Grifola frondosa is an edible and medicinal mushroom with great nutritional values and bioactivities. In the present study, a soluble homogeneous β-glucan, GFPS, with high molecular mass of 5.42 × 106 Da was purified from the fruit bodies of Grifola frondosa using 5% cold NaOH..

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

An Efficient Strategy for Enhancement of Bioactive Compounds in the Fruit Body of Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes), by Spraying Biotic Elicitors.

Cordyceps militaris is a mushroom species with high nutritive and medicinal values based on diverse bioactive metabolites. The contents of bioactive ingredients are indicative of the quality of commercially available fruit body of this fungus..

Immune supportSkin & hydration

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · Physical activity and nutrition

Anti-atopic dermatitis properties of Cordyceps militaris on TNFα/IFNγ-stimulated HaCaT cells and experimentally induced atopic dermatitis in mice.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) properties of Cordyceps militaris (CM) aqueous extract in keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo. We investigated the nutraceutical composition of the CM extract, including its protein, carbohydrate, and selected phytochemical content..

Oyster Mushroom · 2020 · Research Article · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine: eCAM

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pleurotus ostreatus, a Culinary Medicinal Mushroom, in Wistar Rats.

UNLABELLED: Context. Pleurotus ostreatus (P.o) is a culinary mushroom which is commonly called as "oyster mushroom" belonging to the Basidiomycetous fungi of the order Agaricales and family Pleurotaceae..

OncologyImmune supportSkin & hydration

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · Mycobiology

Antithrombotic and Antiplatelet Effects of Cordyceps militaris.

Cordyceps is a genus of ascomycete fungi and is well known as one of the important medical fungi in Chinese, Korea, and other Asian countries, because of its various beneficial effects on human health..

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueRespiratory

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · Mycobiology

Beneficial Effect of Cordyceps militaris on Exercise Performance via Promoting Cellular Energy Production.

Cordyceps militaris has been reported to the diverse pharmaceutical effects including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and bacteria or virus infection. However, the effect of C.

Immune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic healthLiver support

Reishi · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Bioactivities and Molecular Characterizations of the Polysaccharide(s) from Ultrasonic-Circulating Extracts of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).

Total polysaccharide (i.e., GLP-UCE) was effectively isolated from the crude polysaccharide extract powder of Ganoderma lucidum by ultrasonic-circulating extraction, which was separated into three fractions (i.e., GLP-U40, GLP-U60, and GLP-U80) by ethanol fractional precipitation..

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · Natural product research

Carboxymethylation and acetylation of the polysaccharide from Cordyceps militaris and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

The crude polysaccharide extracted from Cordyceps militaris was chemically modified to obtain carboxymethylated derivatives (CM-CPS) and acetylated derivatives (AC-CPS)..

OncologyImmune supportCognition & nervesEnergy & fatigue

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes), Mycelia Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Upregulates Krebs Cycle Dehydrogenases Activity and ATP Level in Rat Brain.

Post-chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction remains one of the challenges in cancer survivors. Cytokine-induced neurotoxicity manifests in subjects at any time after doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapy..

King Oyster · 2020 · Journal Article · Journal of agricultural and food chemistry

Characterization of the Immunomodulatory Mechanism of a Pleurotus eryngii Protein by Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation Proteomics.

PEP 1b is a novel immunoregulatory protein isolated from Pleurotus eryngii, a popular edible mushroom. In this study, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) approach and bioinformatics analysis were used to characterize the PEP-1b-induced proteome alterations in Raw 264.7 macrophage cells, to….

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Chemical structure and inhibition on α-glucosidase of the polysaccharides from Cordyceps militaris with different developmental stages.

The natural form of wild edible fungus is the fruiting body. The cultivation of fruiting bodies from sexual reproduction requires strict conditions and long periods.

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Chemical structure and mechanism of polysaccharide on Pb2+ tolerance of Cordyceps militaris after Pb2+ domestication.

In this study, the purified polysaccharide (DCP-I) was extracted from Cordyceps militaris domesticated with Pb2+. After that, the structural feature and mechanism of lead resistance of DCP-I were investigated using novel approaches..

Snow Fungus · 2020 · Journal Article · Journal of food quality

Co-Supplementation of Flos Sophorae Extract with Tremella fuciformis Polysaccharides Improves Physicochemical, Textural, Rheological, and Antioxidant Properties of Low-Fat Yogurts

Flos Sophorae extract (FSE) with abundant rutin and Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TP) could act as novel natural improvers of low-fat yogurt due to their health benefits and properties of interacting with proteins..

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · Microbial pathogenesis

Comparative analysis of the immune response of the wax moth Galleria mellonella after infection with the fungi Cordyceps militaris and Metarhizium robertsii.

Entomopathogenic fungi form different strategies of interaction with their insect hosts. The influence of fungal infection on insect physiology has mainly been studied for generalists (Metarhizium, Beauveria), but studies of specialized teleomorphic species, such as Cordyceps militaris, are rare..

OncologyImmune supportSkin & hydration

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Cordyceps militaris Fungus Extracts-Mediated Nanoemulsion for Improvement Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

This study aimed to produce and optimize a Cordyceps militaris-based oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsion (NE) encapsulated in sea buckthorn oil (SBT) using an ultrasonication process. Herein, a nonionic surfactant (Tween 80) and chitosan cosurfactant were used as emulsifying agents..

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · BMC complementary medicine and therapies

Cordyceps militaris induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells through TNF-α/TNFR1-mediated inhibition of NF-κB phosphorylation.

BACKGROUND: Cordyceps militaris (L.) Fr. (C.

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine: eCAM

Cordyceps militaris Induces Immunogenic Cell Death and Enhances Antitumor Immunogenic Response in Breast Cancer.

Cordyceps militaris has been widely used as a traditional medicine in East Asia. Its effects against breast cancer have been reported previously.

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide converts immunosuppressive macrophages into M1-like phenotype and activates T lymphocytes by inhibiting the PD-L1/PD-1 axis between TAMs and T lymphocytes.

Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) inhibit the killing effect of T lymphocytes on tumour cells through the immunocheckpoint programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/programmed death-1 (PD-1) axis. TAMs-targeted therapy is a promising approach that could be used to reverse the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment..

Immune supportCognition & nerves

Oyster Mushroom · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Crystallographic and calorimetric analysis on Pleurotus ostreatus lectin and its sugar complexes - promiscuous binding driven by geometry.

Carbohydrate recognition is established as a property of lectins and implicated in many functions including immunity and defense against pathogens. Many lectins are characterized and proposed for various applications owing to the above said recognition..

Immune supportLiver support

Lion's Mane · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Designing selenium polysaccharides-based nanoparticles to improve immune activity of Hericium erinaceus.

In previous researches, the results showed that selenium Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide and Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles enhanced immune responses..

Reishi · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Effect of Cultured Substrates on the Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).

A systematic study was carried out to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of wood-cultured and sack-cultured Ganoderma lucidum (WG and SG, respectively). The proximate composition, microelement content, and functional compounds of the two different cultivated mushrooms were investigated..

Immune supportMetabolic healthGut & microbiomeLiver support

King Oyster · 2020 · Journal Article · European journal of nutrition

Effect of mushroom polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii on obesity and gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet.

PURPOSE: Mushrooms are reported to have a variety of health-promoting activities. However, little information is available on the effects of intake of polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii on obesity.

Immune supportMetabolic healthGut & microbiomeLiver support

Almond Mushroom · 2020 · Research Article · Food science & nutrition

Effects of Agaricus blazei Murrill polysaccharides on hyperlipidemic rats by regulation of intestinal microflora.

The present research envisaged the effects of Agaricus blazei Murrill polysaccharides (ABPs) on blood lipids and its role in regulation of the intestinal microflora in hyperlipidemic rats. The acidic polysaccharide fraction of Agaricus blazei Murrill was obtained by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography..

Chaga · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Effects of Chaga Medicinal Mushroom Inonotus obliquus (Agaricomycetes) Extracts on NOS-cGMP-PDE5 Pathway in Rat Penile Smooth Muscle Cells.

Some medicinal mushrooms have effects on sexual dysfunctions. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-cyclic gua-nosine monophosphate (cGMP)-phosphodiesterase 5 enzyme (PDE5) pathway is one of the pathophysiological basis of erectile dysfunction (ED)..

Chaga · 2020 · Research Article · Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam)

Effects of Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharides on Proliferation, Invasion, Migration, and Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma Cells.

OBJECTIVES: To observe the effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) on the proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanism..

OncologyImmune supportCognition & nervesEnergy & fatigue

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

Enhanced production of cordycepin in Ophiocordyceps sinensis using growth supplements under submerged conditions.

Cordycepin is a crucial bioactive compound produced by the fungus Cordyceps spp. Its therapeutic potential has been recognized for a wide range of biological properties such as anticancer, anti-diabetic, antidepressant, antioxidant, immunomodulation, etc..

Turkey Tail · 2020 · Journal Article · Food & function

Enhancement of the anti-inflammatory properties of grape pomace treated by Trametes versicolor.

The application of solid-state fermentation for the production of value-added products from the agro- and food-industry residues has been recently investigated greatly. The white-rot basidiomycete Trametes versicolor is a widely used fungi for the degradation lignocellulosic material in solid-state conditions..

OncologyImmune supportLiver support

Oyster Mushroom · 2020 · Research Article · Biochemistry and biophysics reports

Exopolysaccharide-peptide complex from oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) protects against hepatotoxicity in rats.

Liver damage involves oxidative stress and a progression from chronic hepatitis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The increased incidence of liver disease in Egypt and other countries in the last decade, coupled with poor prognosis, justify the critical need to introduce alternative chemopreventive agents that may….

Immune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic health

King Oyster · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of food science & technology

Extraction, isolation, characterisation, antioxidant and anti‐fatigue activities of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides

Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide (PEP) was obtained using hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation. Three purified polysaccharide fractions (namely PEP1‐A, PEP2‐A and PEP3‐A) were obtained from PEP using DEAE‐cellulose‐52 chromatography and a gel permeation Sephadex G‐100 column..

OncologyImmune supportGut & microbiome

Chaga · 2020 · Research Article · Nutrients

Extracts of Phellinus linteus, Bamboo (Sasa senanensis) Leaf and Chaga Mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) Exhibit Antitumor Activity through Activating Innate Immunity.

Natural products have attracted great interest for some time as alternative methods against cancers by fulfilling immunomodulating properties. In this study, we investigated the activity of hot water extracts (120 °C, >30 min) of Phellinus linteus, fresh leaves of Kumaizasa bamboo and Chaga mushroom which we called….

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic health

Lion's Mane · 2020 · Journal Article · Food & function

Fruiting body polysaccharides of Hericium erinaceus induce apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells via ROS generation mediating caspase-9-dependent signaling pathways.

The fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers. are commonly used in China in the treatment of digestive system diseases.

OncologyImmune supportSkin & hydration

Reishi · 2020 · Research Article · Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Ganoderma lucidum Ethanol Extracts Enhance Re-Epithelialization and Prevent Keratinocytes from Free-Radical Injury.

Ganoderma lucidum or Reishi is recognized as the most potent adaptogen present in nature, and its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anticancer activities are well known. Moreover, lately, there has been an increasing interest from pharmaceutical companies in antiaging G..

Immune supportMetabolic healthLiver support

Reishi · 2020 · Research Article · Biology

Ganoderma Lucidum from Red Mushroom Attenuates Formaldehyde-Induced Liver Damage in Experimental Male Rat Model.

The majority of liver-related illnesses are caused by occupational and domestic exposure to toxic chemicals like formaldehyde (FA), which is widely common in Africa and the world at large. Hence, measures should be taken to protect humans from its hazardous effects..

Cordyceps · 2020 · Research Article · AMB Express

Genome sequencing and analysis of fungus Hirsutella sinensis isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis has been used as a traditional medicine or healthy food in China for thousands of years. Hirsutella sinensis was reported as the only correct anamorph of O.

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Immunomodulatory Properties of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides Extracted from the Fruiting Body of Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis Cultivar OCS02® (Ascomycetes).

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (=Cordyceps sinensis) has been known for its various medicinal properties, in particular immunomodulatory activities associated with its polysaccharides. In this study, the fruiting body of O.

Immune supportEnergy & fatigueGut & microbiomeLiver support

King Oyster · 2020 · Journal Article · Food Hydrocolloids

In vitro digestion and cellular antioxidant activity of β-carotene-loaded emulsion stabilized by soy protein isolate-Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharide conjugates

β-Carotene is a natural fat-soluble antioxidant, while the poor oral bioavailability of β-carotene restricts its application for functional foods. To overcome this barrier, a stable oil-in-water emulsion was structured to effectively deliver β-carotene..

Maitake · 2020 · Research Article · BioMed research international

Influence of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) Particle Sizes on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and In Vivo Evaluation of Their Therapeutic Potential.

Maitake (Grifola frondosa) mushroom has received an enormous amount of attention as a dietary supplement due to its high nutritional values. The particle sizes of G.

OncologyImmune supportMetabolic healthGut & microbiome

Chaga · 2020 · Research Article · Frontiers in pharmacology

Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide Ameliorates Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis-Associated Cancer in Mice via Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.

Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP), the primary constituent of the parasitic fungus Inonotus obliquus, has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation effects. However, the roles of IOP on colitis-associated cancer (CAC) are still unclear..

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic health

Chaga · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells and alters energy metabolism via the LKB1/AMPK axis.

The present study explores the mechanisms underlying the anti-cancer action of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (IOP). Thus, we characterized the IOP components extracted from Chaga sclerotium and, found that the extracts contained 70% polysaccharides with an average molecular weight of 4.5 × 104 Da consisting of 75%….

Immune supportGut & microbiome

Maitake · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Investigation of the uptake and transport of polysaccharide from Se-enriched Grifola frondosa in Caco-2 cells model.

A variety of beneficial pharmacological activities have been reported for Se-enriched Grifola frondosa polysaccharides. However, little has been reported on its absorption, and its intestinal uptake and transport profiles remain unknown..

OncologyImmune supportMetabolic health

Shiitake · 2020 · Journal Article · Carbohydrate polymers

Isolation and comparison of α- and β-D-glucans from shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) with different biological activities.

A polysaccharide-enriched extract obtained from Lentinula edodes was submitted to several purification steps to separate three different D-glucans with β-(1→6), β-(1→3),(1→6) and α-(1→3) linkages, being characterized through GC-MS, FT-IR, NMR, SEC and colorimetric/fluorimetric determinations..

Immune supportMetabolic healthLiver support

Almond Mushroom · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Isolation and purification of acidic polysaccharides from Agaricus blazei Murill and evaluation of their lipid-lowering mechanism.

Polysaccharides are important active constituents of Agaricus blazei Morrill. In the present study, WABM-A was isolated from WABM using DEAE-cellulose, and subsequently purified using sepharose CL-6B to obtain the acidic polysaccharide WABM-A-b..

Immune supportEnergy & fatigueGut & microbiome

Shiitake · 2020 · Research Article · Biological trace element research

Lentinula edodes as a Source of Bioelements Released into Artificial Digestive Juices and Potential Anti-inflammatory Material.

Lentinula edodes (shiitake), an edible and medicinal mushroom, was chosen for this study with the aim of evaluating the possibility of release of bioelements into artificial digestive juices and analyzing the anti-inflammatory properties..

Reishi · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), Polysaccharides Suppressed Adipogenesis and Stimulated Lipolysis in HPA-v and 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) are one of the major bioactive components with many beneficial properties. In the present study we aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of GLP on lipid metabolism in human (HPA-v) and murine adipocytes (3T3-L1).

Cordyceps · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Lipids in an Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycetes), Reduce Nitric Oxide Production in BV2 Cells via NRF2 and NF-κB Pathways.

Cordyceps militaris is known for its curative properties. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the reduction of nitric oxide production by BV2 cells by the bioactive fraction of stroma powder of C.

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic health

Chaga · 2020 · Research Article · Scientific reports

Molecular insights and cell cycle assessment upon exposure to Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) mushroom polysaccharides in zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) mushroom is considered as one of the most powerful antioxidants across the world. Though the therapeutic effects of Chaga components are well characterized in vitro, the in vivo developmental effects are not elucidated in detail..

Immune supportMetabolic healthLiver support

King Oyster · 2020 · Research Article · RSC advances

Optimization of extraction parameters of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides and evaluation of the hypolipidemic effect.

The hot water extraction of polysaccharides from the fruiting body of Pleurotus eryngii was studied. In this paper, according to single-factor experiments, a response surface methodology and the Box-Behnken design were applied to optimize the extraction parameters of Pleurotus eryngii polysaccharides (PEP)..

Wood Ear · 2020 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Optimization of Fermentation Process and Its Impact on Gene Transcription of Intracellular Polysaccharide Synthesis in the Wood Ear Medicinal Mushroom Auricularia auricula-judae (Agaricomycetes).

To improve the production of mycelial biomass and intracellular polysaccharide (IPS), the culture medium composition and culture condition were respectively optimized by response surface methodology and one-factor-at-a-time methodology..