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Immune supportEnergy & fatigueGut & microbiome

Reishi · 2022 · Research Article · Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

The Effect of Mitochondria on Ganoderma lucidum Growth and Bioactive Components Based on Transcriptomics.

Mitochondria are the power source of living cells and implicated in the oxidative metabolism. However, the effect of mitochondria on breeding is usually ignored in conventional research..

Oyster Mushroom · 2022 · Research Article · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

The Main Structural Unit Elucidation and Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro of a Selenium-Enriched Polysaccharide Produced by Pleurotus ostreatus.

In recent years, the structure of selenium-enriched polysaccharides and their application in immunomodulation have attracted much attention. In previous studies, we extracted and purified a novel selenium-enriched Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide called Se-POP-21, but its structure and immunomodulatory activity were….

OncologyImmune supportGut & microbiomeSkin & hydration

Reishi · 2022 · Journal Article · PloS one

The medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum attenuates UV-induced skin carcinogenesis and immunosuppression.

The medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum is traditionally used for treating multiple diseases, including cancer. This study examined skin cancer preventive activity of a commercial product containing spore and fruiting body in 30:8 ratio (GLSF)..

Immune supportMetabolic health

Enoki · 2022 · Journal Article · Journal of the science of food and agriculture

The structure-activity mechanism of the changes in the physicochemical properties of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides during ultrasonic extraction.

BACKGROUND: The high yield of ultrasonic extraction has been widely studied. However, the effects of ultrasound on the properties of products has generally been ignored..

Maitake · 2022 · Journal Article · Applied microbiology and biotechnology

The β-1,3-glucan synthase gene GFGLS2 plays major roles in mycelial growth and polysaccharide synthesis in Grifola frondosa.

β-1,3-Glucans are well-known biological and health-promoting compounds in edible fungi. Our previous results characterized a glucan synthase gene (GFGLS) of Grifola frondosa for the first time to understand its role in mycelial growth and glucan biosynthesis..

Immune supportCognition & nerves

Cordyceps · 2022 · Research Article · Insects

Transcriptomic Analysis Insight into the Immune Modulation during the Interaction of Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Hepialus xiaojinensis.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) is an entomopathogenic fungus that can infect the larva of the ghost moth, Hepialus xiaojinensis, causing mummification after more than one year. This prolonged infection provides a valuable model for studying the immunological interplay between an insect host and a pathogenic fungus..

Reishi · 2022 · Journal Article · Journal of basic microbiology

Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase influences polysaccharide synthesis and cell wall components in Ganoderma lucidum.

Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is a key enzyme that participates in trehalose metabolism, which can synthesize trehalose in a two-step pathway with trehalose phosphatase, but its role in fungi is rarely studied, especially in large basidiomycetes..

Immune supportSkin & hydration

Snow Fungus · 2022 · Research Article · In vivo (Athens, Greece)

Tremella fuciformis Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells and Promotes Migration of Human Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Natural skin whiteners have been investigated for centuries. The development of preparations that safely achieve whitening of hyper-pigmented skin lesions is a challenge for the cosmetics industry..

Immune supportCognition & nervesMetabolic healthGut & microbiome

Snow Fungus · 2022 · Research Article · Frontiers in microbiology

Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide reduces obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice by modulation of gut microbiota.

Obesity is a metabolic disease associated with gut microbiota and low-grade chronic inflammation. Tremella fuciformis is a medicinal and edible fungus; polysaccharide (TP) is the main active component, which has a variety of biological activities, such as hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic..

OncologyImmune supportCognition & nervesMetabolic health

Snow Fungus · 2022 · Research Article · Frontiers in pharmacology

Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides alleviate induced atopic dermatitis in mice by regulating immune response and gut microbiota.

Atopic dermatitis (AD), characterized by severe pruritus, immune imbalance, and skin barrier dysfunction, has a high incidence worldwide. Recent evidence has shown that the modulation of gut microbiota is crucial for alleviating clinical symptoms of AD..

Snow Fungus · 2022 · Research Article · Current research in food science

Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides as a fat substitute on the rheological, texture and sensory attributes of low-fat yogurt.

The potential of Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (TFPS) as a fat substitute in low-fat yogurt was evaluated in this study. The effects of adding different concentrations of TFPS solution on the physical and chemical properties, texture, rheology, microstructure and sensory properties of low-fat yogurt were….

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueSkin & hydration

Reishi · 2022 · Research Article · Nutrients

Triterpenoids and Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum Improve the Histomorphology and Function of Testes in Middle-Aged Male Mice by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Cellular Apoptosis.

Aging is an inevitable physiological process accompanied by a decline in body physiology, including male fertility. A preparation from Ganoderma lucidum (GL) containing triterpenes and polysaccharides has been shown to have anti-aging properties..

OncologyImmune supportCognition & nerves

Reishi · 2022 · Journal Article · Fitoterapia

Triterpenoids from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum and their inhibitory activity against FAAH.

Seventeen triterpenoids including four new lanostane triterpenoids (1-3 and 5) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum by various chromatographic techniques. Their chemical structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, including 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and HRESIMS..

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigue

Cordyceps · 2022 · Preprint · journal metadata

Tumor suppression by Chinese cordyceps extract via anti-angiogenesis

Development of pharmacological agents for anti-angiogenesis to disrupt the vascular supply and starve tumor of nutrients and oxygen is a novel strategy for tumor therapy. Chinese cordyceps ( Ophiocordyceps sinensis ), a traditional Chinese herb, has been widely reported to exhibit antitumor effects..

Oyster Mushroom · 2022 · Research Article · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)

Use of Pleurotus ostreatus to Enhance the Oxidative Stability of Pork Patties during Storage and In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion.

Lipid and protein oxidation are the major causes of meat quality deterioration. Edible mushrooms have been proposed as a strategy to prevent quality deterioration during cold storage..

Lion's Mane · 2022 · Journal Article · Carbohydrate polymers

Value added immunoregulatory polysaccharides of Hericium erinaceus and their effect on the gut microbiota

Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides (HEPs) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus with 53.36 % total carbohydrates and 32.56 % uronic acid.

Reishi · 2022 · Research Article · Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

Whole-Genome Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis of Ganoderma lucidum Strain Yw-1-5 Provides New Insights into the Enhanced Effect of Tween80 on Exopolysaccharide Production.

Ganoderma lucidum is an important medicinal mushroom widely cultured in Asian countries. Exopolysaccharides are bioactive compounds of G.

Immune supportEnergy & fatigue

Reishi · 2022 · Research Article · RSC advances

ZnO and Ag NP-decorated ZnO nanoflowers: green synthesis using Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract and characterization.

Fungi produce and excrete various proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, and secondary metabolites, which may be used as media for the "green" synthesis of metal and semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs)..

Immune supportSkin & hydration

Snow Fungus · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of food science & technology

A comparative study on the physio‐chemical properties, antioxidant and immuno‐stimulating activities of two national geographical indication products of Tremella fuciformis in China

Tremella fuciformis from Gutian in Fujian Province (TF‐GT) and Tongjiang in Sichuan Province (TF‐TJ) in China are two geographical indication (GI) products that are mainly differentiated and characterised by their cultivation methods. To better understand the qualities of the GI products of T..

Lion's Mane · 2021 · Journal Article · Journal of food biochemistry

A novel polysaccharide from Hericium erinaceus: Preparation, structural characteristics, thermal stabilities, and antioxidant activities in vitro

A novel polysaccharide fraction (HEP) from Hericium erinaceus was successively isolated and purified in the present study. We researched its structure and thermal stabilities, and further studied its antioxidant activities in vitro..

OncologyImmune supportMetabolic health

Oyster Mushroom · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

A water-soluble selenium-enriched polysaccharide produced by Pleurotus ostreatus: Purification, characterization, antioxidant and antitumor activities in vitro.

The development and application of new selenium-enriched polysaccharides has become a critical topic in recent years. In this study, a natural selenium-enriched polysaccharide fraction (Se-POP-21) produced by Pleurotus ostreatus was purified, characterized, and investigated the antioxidant and antitumor activities in….

Immune supportCognition & nerves

Maitake · 2021 · Research Article · Pharmaceutics

Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of the Grifola frondosa Natural Compound o-Orsellinaldehyde on LPS-Challenged Murine Primary Glial Cells. Roles of NF-κβ and MAPK.

In response to foreign or endogenous stimuli, both microglia and astrocytes adopt an activated phenotype that promotes the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. This inflammatory mechanism, known as neuroinflammation, is essential in the defense against foreign invasion and in normal tissue repair; nevertheless, when….

Immune supportMetabolic healthGut & microbiomeLiver support

Maitake · 2021 · Journal Article · Food & function

Anti-obesity effects of Grifola frondosa through the modulation of lipid metabolism via ceramide in mice fed a high-fat diet.

Obesity is characterized by massive fat deposition and is related to a series of metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance (IR) and steatohepatitis. Grifola frondosa (GF) is a basidiomycete fungus and a source of various nutritional ingredients related to human health..

Cordyceps · 2021 · Research Article · Food technology and biotechnology

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects and Identification of Ophiocordyceps sinensis Bioactive Proteins Using Shotgun Proteomic Analysis.

RESEARCH BACKGROUND: Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a highly valued medicinal fungus, is close to extinction due to overexploitation. Successful cultivation of O.

Immune supportMetabolic healthGut & microbiomeLiver support

Niu-Chang-Chih · 2021 · Journal Article · Food & function

Antrodin A from Antrodia camphorata modulates the gut microbiome and liver metabolome in mice exposed to acute alcohol intake.

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Antrodin A (AdA) from Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) mycelium on alcohol-induced gut microbiota and liver metabolomic disorders..

Zhu Ling · 2021 · Research Article · Frontiers in microbiology

Armillaria mellea Symbiosis Drives Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Changes in Polyporus umbellatus Sclerotia.

Sclerotia, the medicinal part of Polyporus umbellatus, play important roles in diuresis and renal protection, with steroids and polysaccharides as the main active ingredients. The sclerotia grow and develop only after symbiosis with Armillaria sp..

Immune supportMetabolic healthGut & microbiomeLiver support

Wood Ear · 2021 · Journal Article · Journal of food science

Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) polysaccharides improve type 2 diabetes in HFD/STZ-induced mice by regulating the AKT/AMPK signaling pathways and the gut microbiota.

Auricularia auricula-judae is an edible fungus with high nutritional value due to abundant polysaccharides, and is acknowledged as traditional food and medicine in Asia. Polysaccharides from A.

OncologyImmune supportMetabolic health

Chaga · 2021 · Research Article · Journal of microbiology and biotechnology

Carbon Source Affects Synthesis, Structures, and Activities of Mycelial Polysaccharides from Medicinal Fungus Inonotus obliquus.

The effects of various carbon sources on mycelial growth and polysaccharide synthesis of the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus in liquid fermentation were investigated..

Immune supportMetabolic health

Lion's Mane · 2021 · Research Article · Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology

Characterization and Heterologous Expression of UDP-Glucose 4-Epimerase From a Hericium erinaceus Mutant with High Polysaccharide Production.

Hericium erinaceus is an important medicinal fungus in traditional Chinese medicine because of its polysaccharides and other natural products. Compared terpenoids and polyketides, the analysis of synthetic pathway of polysaccharides is more difficult because of the many genes involved in central metabolism..

Snow Fungus · 2021 · Journal Article · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Characterization of chitin-glucan complex from Tremella fuciformis fermentation residue and evaluation of its antibacterial performance

Submerged fermentation of fungi is an efficient way to obtain extracellular polysaccharides, however, in this process, excess discarded biomass is produced. In this study, Tremella fuciformis mycelia were reused as the raw material to isolate a novel fungal chitin-glucan complex (CGC-TFM) using alkaline extraction..

Snow Fungus · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Characterization of chitin-glucan complex from Tremella fuciformis fermentation residue and evaluation of its antibacterial performance.

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic health

Enoki · 2021 · Journal Article · Food and chemical toxicology: an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association

Characterization of soy protein isolate/Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide hydrogel and its immunostimulatory effects on RAW264.7 cells.

Soy protein isolate (SPI) is a nutritional commercial product, while the poor solubility and gelling restricts its applications for functional foods. To surmount the challenge presented by this poor solubility, the gelling polysaccharide shows potential in ameliorating SPI..

Enoki · 2021 · Research Article · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

Characterization, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammation Capacities of Fermented Flammulina velutipes Polyphenols.

This work investigated the preparation, characterization, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation capacities of Flammulina velutipes polyphenols (FVP) and fermented FVP (FFVP). The results revealed that the new syringic acid, accounting for 22.22%, was obtained after fermentation (FFVP)..

OncologyImmune supportMetabolic healthGut & microbiome

Shiitake · 2021 · Journal Article · Journal of food biochemistry

Cytotoxicity, metabolic enzyme inhibitory, and anti-inflammatory effect of Lentinula edodes fermented using probiotic lactobacteria.

We found that the fermented Lentinula edodes (FLE) products exhibited various differences in terms of proximate composition, free sugar, and amino acid. In particular, there were higher levels of ergosterol, and ergothioneine in FLE-Pediococcus pentosaceus (PP) and -Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) than in the L..

Immune supportMetabolic health

Shiitake · 2021 · Research Article · Frontiers in microbiology

De novo Sequencing and Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Provide First Insights Into Polysaccharide Biosynthesis During Fruiting Body Development of Lentinula edodes.

Polysaccharides separated from Lentinula edodes are well known for their medicinal properties. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of polysaccharide biosynthesis in L.

Oyster Mushroom · 2021 · Research Article · Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

Differential Induction Pattern Towards Classically Activated Macrophages in Response to an Immunomodulatory Extract from Pleurotus ostreatus Mycelium.

Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom preparations have been investigated because of their ability to modulate the immune function. However, there is still no consensus regarding the activation and polarizing effect on macrophages by Pleurotus-derived bioproducts..

Chaga · 2021 · Journal Article · Applied biochemistry and biotechnology

Effect of Different Pretreatment of Birch Sawdust on the Production of Active Polysaccharides by Inonotus obliquus Under Submerged Fermentation and Its Structural Mechanism.

This study examined the effects of different pretreatments of birch sawdust on the production and activity of polysaccharides by Inonotus obliquus, and in order to explore the mechanism, structural characterization and analysis were carried out..

OncologyImmune supportGut & microbiome

Chaga · 2021 · Research Article · PloS one

Effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide on composition of the intestinal flora in mice with acute endometritis.

Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide (IOP) is a large molecule extracted from Inonotus obliqus, a medicinal fungus, which has a wide range of biological activities and has been shown to be associated with inflammation..

Immune supportGut & microbiomeSkin & hydration

Wood Ear · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Effects of Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharide on pasting, gelatinization, rheology, structural properties and in vitro digestibility of kidney bean starch.

Auricularia auricula-judae polysaccharide (AP) has unique molecular structures and multiple bioactivities with excellent gel-forming property and thermal tolerance. However, few researches focus on the interactions between AP and legume starches..

OncologyImmune supportRespiratory

Lion's Mane · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings.

To investigate the effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV)-infected ducklings and explore its mechanism of action, an MDRV contact-infection model was established..

Lion's Mane · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Enzymatic-fingerprinting workflow of polysaccharides in Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies: From HILIC-ESI--MS screening to targeted MIM profiling.

In this study, an uncommon enzymatic-fingerprinting workflow, was proposed for characterization and discrimination of mushroom polysaccharides (MPs) by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-negative electrospray mass spectrometry (HILIC-ESI--MS)..

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueLiver support

Niu-Chang-Chih · 2021 · Research Article · Preventive nutrition and food science

Ergostatrien-3β-ol (EK100) from Antrodia camphorata Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Liver Injury In Vitro and In Vivo.

Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a complication that occurs during liver surgery, whereby hepatic tissue is injured by oxygen deficiency during ischemia, then further damaged by a cascade of inflammatory and oxidative insults when blood is resupplied during reperfusion..

Oyster Mushroom · 2021 · Journal Article · Food & function

Fermentation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum mushrooms and their extracts by the gut microbiota of healthy and osteopenic women: potential prebiotic effect and impact of mushroom fermentation products on human osteoblasts.

Recent data have highlighted the role of the gut microbiota and its several metabolites in maintaining bone health. Thus, gut microbiota manipulation, e.g., by prebiotics, might offer a plausible target in the fight against bone degenerative diseases..

Immune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic healthGut & microbiome

Enoki · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules

Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide improves C57BL/6 mice gut health through regulation of intestine microbial metabolic activity.

Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) can improve gut health through gut microbiota and metabolism regulation. In this study, the 28-days fed experiment was used to investigate gut microbime and metabolic profiling induced by FVP..

Agarikon · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms

Fortified Mycelium of Fomitopsis officinalis (Agaricomycetes) as a Source of Biologically Active Substances Effective in the Prevention of Civilization Diseases.

Fomitopsis officinalis is a popular species of therapeutic arboreal mushroom with a documented history of use in traditional European and Asian medicine. It was chosen as a research material not only due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immunostimulatory properties but also because it is endangered in….

OncologyImmune supportEnergy & fatigueMetabolic health

Reishi · 2021 · Research Article · Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B

Heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide signaling participates in the accumulation of triterpenoids of Ganoderma lucidum.

Ganoderic triterpenoids (GTs) are the primary bioactive constituents of the Basidiomycotina fungus, Ganoderma lucidum. These compounds exhibit antitumor, anti-hyperlipidemic, and immune-modulatory pharmacological activities.

Mesima · 2021 · Research Article · BMC complementary medicine and therapies

Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of Phellinus linteus mycelium.

BACKGROUND: The present study extensively aimed to evaluate the underlying mechanism of the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of Phellinus linteus mycelium (PLM)..

OncologyImmune supportGut & microbiome

Lion's Mane · 2021 · Research Article · Nutrients

Influence of Short-Term Consumption of Hericium erinaceus on Serum Biochemical Markers and the Changes of the Gut Microbiota: A Pilot Study.

Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus) is widely studied as a medicinal and edible fungus.

Chaga · 2021 · Research Article · Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine: eCAM

Inhibitory Effects of Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide on Inflammatory Response in Toxoplasma gondii-Infected RAW264.7 Macrophages.

Our previous reports have shown that Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) has protective effects against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in vivo.