MycoData
Medicinal fungi research database
Latest articles
Live refresh · 4:08 AMBrowse by symptom
Research areas
Species records
Species record
Oyster Mushroom
Pleurotus ostreatus
- Studies
- 1,947
- Avg relevance
- 53
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Reishi · Lingzhi
Ganoderma lucidum
- Studies
- 1,830
- Avg relevance
- 60
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Turkey Tail · Yun Zhi
Trametes versicolor
- Studies
- 1,828
- Avg relevance
- 41
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Shiitake · Hua Gu
Lentinula edodes
- Studies
- 1,766
- Avg relevance
- 60
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Cordyceps · Scarlet Club
Cordyceps militaris
- Studies
- 1,635
- Avg relevance
- 67
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Cordyceps · Caterpillar Fungus
Ophiocordyceps sinensis
- Studies
- 1,576
- Avg relevance
- 59
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Almond Mushroom · ABM
Agaricus blazei
- Studies
- 1,441
- Avg relevance
- 54
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Enoki · Winter Mushroom
Flammulina velutipes
- Studies
- 1,403
- Avg relevance
- 47
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
King Oyster · Eryngii
Pleurotus eryngii
- Studies
- 1,278
- Avg relevance
- 60
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Maitake · Hen of the Woods
Grifola frondosa
- Studies
- 1,276
- Avg relevance
- 48
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Snow Fungus · Silver Ear
Tremella fuciformis
- Studies
- 1,052
- Avg relevance
- 29
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Lion's Mane · Yamabushitake
Hericium erinaceus
- Studies
- 862
- Avg relevance
- 67
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Chaga
Inonotus obliquus
- Studies
- 738
- Avg relevance
- 65
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Mesima · Sanghwang
Phellinus linteus
- Studies
- 722
- Avg relevance
- 58
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Niu-Chang-Chih
Antrodia camphorata
- Studies
- 496
- Avg relevance
- 63
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Nameko · Nametake
Pholiota microspora
- Studies
- 421
- Avg relevance
- 29
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Yellow Morel
Morchella esculenta
- Studies
- 392
- Avg relevance
- 42
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Zhu Ling · Umbrella Polypore
Polyporus umbellatus
- Studies
- 263
- Avg relevance
- 55
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Wood Ear · Kikurage
Auricularia auricula-judae
- Studies
- 254
- Avg relevance
- 51
- Latest
- 2026
Species record
Agarikon · Quinine Conk
Fomitopsis officinalis
- Studies
- 47
- Avg relevance
- 55
- Latest
- 2026
Articles
17,669 results
Showing 1,251–1,300 of 17,669
Reishi · 2022 · Research Article · Food & nutrition research
Sporoderm-broken spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum ameliorate obesity and inflammation process in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects of sporoderm-broken spore powder of Ganoderma lucidum (SSPL) against obese mice fed with a high-fat diet..
Lion's Mane · 2022 · Journal Article · Food chemistry
Structural characterization of two Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides and their protective effects on the alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury.
Hericium erinaceus, a traditional edible mushroom, is known as a medicine food homology to ameliorate gastrointestinal diseases. However, the relationship between the structural characteristics of Hericium erinaceus and its stomach-protecting activity remains unclear..
Reishi · 2022 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Structure Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Polysaccharides from Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) by Microwave-Assisted Freeze-Thaw Extraction.
A water-soluble polysaccharide (GLP-2) was isolated and purified from Ganoderma lucidum by the microwave-assisted freeze-thaw method. Microwave-assisted rapid thawing treatment can greatly improve the extraction yield of polysaccharides..
Oyster Mushroom · 2022 · Research Article · Heliyon
Substrate composition effect on the nutritional quality of Pleurotus ostreatus (MK751847) fruiting body.
Underutilized palm oil waste (shaft and bunch) and sawdust supplemented with wheat and rice bran were used to cultivate mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). Substrates were compounded following the designed protocol, bagged, and sterilized..
Chaga · 2022 · Research Article · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Triterpenoids from Chaga Sterile Conk of Inonotus obliquus.
Triterpenoids are among the bioactive components of Chaga, the sterile conk of the medicinal fungus Inonotus obliquus. Supercritical fluid extraction of Chaga triterpenoids was carried out with supercritical CO2, while a modified Folch method was used as a comparison..
Reishi · 2022 · Journal Article · Carbohydrate polymers
Suppression of obesity and inflammation by polysaccharide from sporoderm-broken spore of Ganoderma lucidum via gut microbiota regulation
Ganoderma lucidum has been shown to have anti-obesity effects. However, polysaccharide extracted from the sporoderm-broken spores of Ganoderma lucidum (BSGLP) against obesity and its underlying mechanisms have never been reported..
Cordyceps · 2022 · Research Article · BMC complementary medicine and therapies
System-level investigation of anti-obesity effects and the potential pathways of Cordyceps militaris in ovariectomized rats.
BACKGROUND: Cordyceps species have been used as tonics to enhance energy, stamina, and libido in traditional Asian medicine for more than 1600 years, indicating their potential for improving reproductive hormone disorders and energy metabolic diseases..
King Oyster · 2022 · Journal Article · Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie. Food science + technology. Science + technologie alimentaire
The effect of inoculation Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactiplantibacillus planetarium on the quality of Pleurotus eryngii Jiaosu
To investigate the effects of inoculating Leuconostoc mesenteroides or Lactiplantibacillus planetarium on the changes in metabolites in Pleurotus eryngii Jiaosu, a fermented plant extract rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, the physicochemical and metabolite features of the treated Jiaosu were compared to those….
Cordyceps · 2022 · Journal Article · Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
The in Vitro Fermentation of Cordyceps militaris Polysaccharides Changed the Simulated Gut Condition and Influenced Gut Bacterial Motility and Translocation.
The motility ability of intestinal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria determines their translocation to the enterohepatic circulation and works as an infectious complication..
Cordyceps · 2022 · Research Article · Frontiers in microbiology
The invasion process of the entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis into the larvae of ghost moths (Thitarodes xiaojinensis) using a GFP-labeled strain.
Chinese cordyceps is a well-known and valuable traditional Chinese medicine that forms after Ophiocordyceps sinensis parasitizes ghost moth larvae. The low natural infection rate of O.
Cordyceps · 2022 · Journal Article · Food chemistry
The molecular recognition of cordycepin arabinoside and analysis of changes on cordycepin and its arabinoside in fruiting body and pupa of Cordyceps militaris.
Cordyceps militaris is an edible fungus that is widely used as a functional food in many countries. In order to objectively evaluate its nutritional value, free and glycosidic cordycepins need to be analyzed..
Reishi · 2022 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
The Potential Activity of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes), to Alleviate Liver Injury in Adults with Acute Mushroom Poisoning: A Retrospective Study.
In the study, we retrospectively reviewed cases of patients with acute mushroom poisoning admitted to seven hospitals from May 2016 to May 2021. In total, we analyzed 153 acute mushroom poisoning cases..
Cordyceps · 2022 · Research Article · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
The Quality and Functional Improvement of Retorted Korean Ginseng Chicken Soup (Samgyetang) by Enzymolysis Pre-Treatment with Cordyceps militaris Mushroom Extract.
This study aimed to investigate the functional and quality improvement of retorted Korean ginseng chicken soup that was hydrolyzed using a single extract from Cordyceps militaris (CM) mushroom, or in combination with bromelain, flavorzyme, or a mix of both..
King Oyster · 2022 · Journal Article · Food Chemistry: Molecular Sciences
Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential mechanism of polyethylene packing delaying lignification of Pleurotus eryngii
Transcriptome analysis is important for the quality improvement of edible fungi, however, the effect of polyethylene (PE) packaging on the preservation of Pleurotus eryngii at the transcriptome level still needs to be further investigated. In order to elucidate the effect of PE on delaying lignification of P..
King Oyster · 2022 · Research Article · Food chemistry. Molecular sciences
Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential mechanism of polyethylene packing delaying lignification of Pleurotus eryngii.
Transcriptome analysis is important for the quality improvement of edible fungi, however, the effect of polyethylene (PE) packaging on the preservation of Pleurotus eryngii at the transcriptome level still needs to be further investigated. In order to elucidate the effect of PE on delaying lignification of P..
Cordyceps · 2022 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Transcriptome Sequencing to Identify Candidate Genes for Mycelium Period Metabolism of Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycetes), Exposed to Light Treatment.
The Chinese caterpillar mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, is rare in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It was reported that the development of ascospores in sexual stage of Chinese Cordyceps requires certain UV irradiation, but whether light has effect on the asexual stage of O.
Cordyceps · 2022 · Research Article · Frontiers in pharmacology
Transcriptomic analysis of the anti-inflammatory effect of Cordyceps militaris extract on acute gouty arthritis.
Background: Gouty arthritis (GA) is a common inflammatory disease that causes pain due to the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals into joints and surrounding tissues. Anti-inflammatory drugs have significant clinical anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, but they have many side effects..
Chaga · 2022 · Journal Article · Journal of food biochemistry
Triterpenoid acids from medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus (Chaga) alleviate hyperuricemia and inflammation in hyperuricemic mice: Possible inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase activity
The purpose of this study was to explore the hypouricemic effect in hyperuricemia mice of triterpenoid acids from Inonotus obliquus (TAIO), and decipher of the underlying xanthine oxidase inhibitory mechanism. Measurement of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity was assayed..
Shiitake · 2022 · Journal Article · Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie. Food science + technology. Science + technologie alimentaire
Umami ingredient from shiitake (Lentinula edodes) by-products as a flavor enhancer in low-salt beef burgers: Effects on physicochemical and technological properties
The impact of salt reduction and addition of Umami Ingredient, obtained from shiitake stipes, on the physicochemical and technological properties of beef burgers was evaluated..
Shiitake · 2022 · Journal Article · Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Umami Ingredient: Flavor enhancer from shiitake (Lentinula edodes) byproducts
An alternative use of shiitake stipes, usually treated as waste, was proposed for the production of a powder ingredient, rich in umami compounds, aiming its application in food..
Oyster Mushroom · 2022 · Journal Article · Chemosphere
Uptake of perfluoroalkyl substances, pharmaceuticals, and parabens by oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and exposure risk in human consumption.
Organic micropollutants (MPs) pose potential threats to environmental ecosystems and human health. This study investigated uptake of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), pharmaceuticals, and paraben by edible oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus), cultivated on spiked growth substrate..
Reishi · 2022 · Journal Article · Chemosphere
Valorisation of biomass and diaper waste into a sustainable production of the medical mushroom Lingzhi Ganoderma lucidum.
Global solid waste is expected to increase by at least 70% annually until year 2050. The mixture of solid waste including food waste from food industry and domestic diaper waste in landfills is causing environmental and human health issues..
Chaga · 2022 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Water Extract of the Chaga Medicinal Mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (Agaricomycetes), Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Vero E6 and Vero Cell Culture Experiments.
The antiviral properties of water extracts from pharmaceutical raw materials of the chaga mushroom, Inonotus obliquus, were studied against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)..
King Oyster · 2022 · Journal Article · Carbohydrate polymers
Water-soluble polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii fruiting bodies, their activity and affinity for Toll-like receptor 2 and dectin-1
The mushroom cell wall contains polysaccharides that can activate cells of the innate immune system through receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLR) and dectin-1..
King Oyster · 2021 · Research Article · Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
A Multiomic Approach to Understand How Pleurotus eryngii Transforms Non-Woody Lignocellulosic Material.
Pleurotus eryngii is a grassland-inhabiting fungus of biotechnological interest due to its ability to colonize non-woody lignocellulosic material. Genomic, transcriptomic, exoproteomic, and metabolomic analyses were combined to explain the enzymatic aspects underlaying wheat-straw transformation..
Reishi · 2021 · Research Article · International journal of environmental research and public health
A Placebo-Controlled, Pseudo-Randomized, Crossover Trial of Botanical Agents for Gulf War Illness: Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum), Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica), and Epimedium (Epimedium sagittatum).
This report is third in a three-part clinical trial series screening potential treatments for Gulf War Illness (GWI). The goal of the project was to rapidly identify agents to prioritize for further efficacy research..
King Oyster · 2021 · Journal Article · Current microbiology
A Re-evaluation of the Taxonomy and Classification of the Type III Secretion System in a Pathogenic Bacterium Causing Soft Rot Disease of Pleurotus eryngii.
Pantoea beijingensis, a gram-negative pathogenic bacterium, causes soft rot disease in the fungus Pleurotus eryngii in China. However, the taxonomic classification of this pathogen is controversial due to close relationships between bacteria of the genera Pantoea and Erwinia..
Maitake · 2021 · Research Article · RSC advances
A specific selenium-chelating peptide isolated from the protein hydrolysate of Grifola frondosa.
Background: Grifola frondosa is a type of edible medicinal mushroom with abundant proteins. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for human.
Cordyceps · 2021 · Research Article · Veterinary world
A study of the aphrodisiac properties of Cordyceps militaris in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats.
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cordyceps militaris (CM) is a fungus that has been used to enhance aphrodisiac activity in men, but to date, no studies have focused on its antidiabetic properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CM on reproductive performance of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic male rats..
Almond Mushroom · 2021 · Journal Article · Journal of food biochemistry
Agaricus blazei polypeptide exerts a protective effect on D‐galactose‐induced aging mice via the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE and P53/Trim32 signaling pathways
This experiment mainly optimized the extraction technology of Agaricus blazei polypeptide (ABp) and evaluated its protective effect on aging mice. In this study, a novel single component, the M is 3 kD, was isolated and purified from Agaricus blazei.
King Oyster · 2021 · Journal Article · Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie. Food science + technology. Science + technologie alimentaire
An innovative structured fruit (SF) product made from litchi juice, king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) and gellan gum: Nutritional, textural, sensorial properties
The present study prepared an innovative structured fruit (SF) product based on king oyster mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii), litchi juice and gellan gel, and evaluated its textural, nutritional and sensorial properties..
Shiitake · 2021 · Research Article · NPJ science of food
An origin identification model for labeling of shiitake (Lentinula edodes).
With the increasing globalization of the food trade across countries and continents, reliable identification of the geographical origin of products is critical. In this study, we describe the limitations of the current origin labeling system for non-soil-based agricultural products and suggest alternative strategies….
Shiitake · 2021 · Journal Article · Food chemistry
An understanding of the changes in water holding capacity of rehydrated shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) from cell wall, cell membrane and protein.
Water holding capacity (WHC) is an important factor for the evaluation of rehydrated shiitake mushroom as WHC largely affects sensory attributes. Here, WHC of the rehydrated shiitake mushroom as affected by different hot-air drying temperature was investigated from aspects of cell membrane integrity, status of cell….
Shiitake · 2021 · Research Article · Journal of food science and technology
Angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide derived from the shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes).
ABSTRACT: Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely used to control hypertension. In this study, protein hydrolysates from shiitake mushroom were hydrolyzed to prepare ACE-inhibitory peptides..
Cordyceps · 2021 · Research Article · Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
Anti-Hyperlipidemia and Gut Microbiota Community Regulation Effects of Selenium-Rich Cordyceps militaris Polysaccharides on the High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice Model.
Supplementation of polysaccharides is a promising gut microbiota-targeted therapeutic method for obesity and metabolic diseases. Biological activities of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides have been well reported, but the effect of selenium (Se)-rich C..
Chaga · 2021 · Journal Article · Phytochemistry
Anti-neuroinflammatory polyoxygenated lanostanoids from Chaga mushroom Inonotus obliquus.
Chaga mushroom, Inonotus obliquus, was used as food and nutrient food and traditional herbs in Russia, China and Japan, with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Chemical investigations of the fruiting bodies of Chaga were carried to uncover the bioactive metabolites..
Oyster Mushroom · 2021 · Research Article · AMB Express
Anti-tumor effect of polysaccharide from Pleurotus ostreatus on H22 mouse Hepatoma ascites in-vivo and hepatocellular carcinoma in-vitro model.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated death across the globe. Malignant ascites are the major clinical attributes in cancer patients..
Reishi · 2021 · Research Article · Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP
Antiangiogenic and Proapoptotic Activities of Atorvastatin and Ganoderma lucidum in Tumor Mouse Model via VEGF and Caspase-3 Pathways.
BACKGROUND: The statin drug Atorvastatin (AT) used for cholesterol reduction and Ganoderma lucidum (Gl) mushroom extract exhibited satisfactory antitumor activities towards various types of cancer..
Cordyceps · 2021 · Journal Article · Journal of ethnopharmacology
Antidepressant-like effects of water extract of Cordyceps militaris (Linn.) Link by modulation of ROCK2/PTEN/Akt signaling in an unpredictable chronic mild stress-induced animal model.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE: Cordyceps militaris (Linn.) Link (CM) is a medicinal mushroom traditionally used in tonics for treating several neurological disorders, including epilepsy and anxiety, in Asia..
Reishi · 2021 · Research Article · Frontiers in pharmacology
Antimetastatic Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Polysaccharide Peptide on B16-F10-luc-G5 Melanoma Mice With Sleep Fragmentation.
Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) polysaccharide peptide (GL-pp) is a component of the globally acknowledged traditional Chinese medicine Ganoderma lucidum; Ganoderma lucidum is known for its sedative, hypnotic, immune regulatory, antitumor, and other pharmacological effects..
Reishi · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Extracts of Wild Algerian Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes).
Mushrooms can be employed as functional foods or medicines for the prevention and treatment of several chronic diseases, since they are rich sources of bioactive metabolites. Nonetheless, the therapeutic value of Algerian mushrooms remains largely unexplored..
King Oyster · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of biological macromolecules
Antioxidant and anti-ageing effects of enzymatic polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii residue.
The wide industrial cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii (P. eryngii) has resulted in the massive production of mushroom residues (MR) with low-efficiency utilization.
Niu-Chang-Chih · 2021 · Journal Article · Journal of ethnopharmacology
Antrodia camphorata extract (ACE)-induced apoptosis is associated with BMP4 expression and p53-dependent ROS generation in human colon cancer cells.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Antrodia camphorata (AC) is a rare functional fungus in Taiwan and is known as traditional Chinese medicine. It has been reported to inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis in human cancer cells..
Mesima · 2021 · Research Article · Mycobiology
Artificial Cultivation Characteristics and Bioactive Effects of Novel Tropicoporus linteus (Syn. Phellinus linteus) Strains HN00K9 and HN6036 in Korea.
Phellinus strains were collected from different areas in Korea. Of them, the fast mycelial growing strains were artificially cultivated on the oak logs to produce fruiting body.
Lion's Mane · 2021 · Research Article · RSC advances
Biomass-derived O, N-codoped hierarchically porous carbon prepared by black fungus and Hericium erinaceus for high performance supercapacitor.
Biomass-derived carbon materials have been widely researched due to their advantages such as low cost, environmental friendliness, readily available raw materials. Black fungus and Hericium erinaceus contain many kinds of amino acids..
Cordyceps · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Caterpillar Medicinal Mushroom, Cordyceps militaris (Ascomycota), Attenuates Aβ1-42-Induced Amyloidogenesis and Inflammatory Response by Suppressing Amyloid Precursor Protein Progression and p38 MAPK/JNK Activation.
The deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) is a neuropathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cordyceps militaris is an edible medicinal fungus in Asian countries with antioxidative, antiaging, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects.
Chaga · 2021 · Journal Article · International journal of medicinal mushrooms
Chaga Medicinal Mushroom Inonotus obliquus (Agaricomycetes) Terpenoids May Interfere with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Recognition of the Host Cell: A Molecular Docking Study.
The most challenging threat facing the global community today is the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)..
Chaga · 2021 · Research Article · Heliyon
Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) polysaccharides exhibit genoprotective effects in UVB-exposed embryonic zebrafish (Danio rerio) through coordinated expression of DNA repair genes.
Chaga mushroom is one of the promising beneficial mushrooms thriving in the colder parts of Northern hemisphere. Chaga polysaccharides (IOP) have been reported to enhance immune response and alleviate oxidative stress during development..
Oyster Mushroom · 2021 · Research Article · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Characterization of a Novel Laccase LAC-Yang1 from White-Rot Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus Strain Yang1 with a Strong Ability to Degrade and Detoxify Chlorophenols.
In this study, a laccase LAC-Yang1 was successfully purified from a white-rot fungus strain Pleurotus ostreatus strain yang1 with high laccase activity. The enzymatic properties of LAC-Yang1 and its ability to degrade and detoxify chlorophenols such as 2,6-dichlorophenol and 2,3,6-trichlorophenol were systematically….
Shiitake · 2021 · Journal Article · Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie. Food science + technology. Science + technologie alimentaire
Characterization of flavor frame in shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) detected by HS-GC-IMS coupled with electronic tongue and sensory analysis: Influence of drying techniques
New insight was systematically elucidated on variations of overall flavor characteristics in shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes) affected by different drying techniques (hot air-drying (HD), vacuum freeze-drying (VFD), and VFD combined with HD (VFD-HD))..